Control system.



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F. G. HICKLING.

CONTROL SYSTEM.

APPLncATmN msu :uw H. 1914.

Patented Aug. 14, 1917.

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ATTORNEYy F. G. -H|CKL |NG.

CONTROL SYSTEM.

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edericKGHicK/inq' ATTORNEY TL for connecting the master controllers and master reversers to the actuating coils which may be disposed on one or more associated vehicles; and auxiliary source of electrical energy, such as a storage battery SB, for supplying energy to the master controller through a switch CS1 and a corresponding switch CS2 (not shown), respectivel a main circuit reverser RS of a familiar uidpressure operated drum type, which is provided, at its respective ends, with electricallygoverned, Huid pressure controlling valves NV1 and NVZ and auxiliary valves of va similar type AV1 and AV?, a main source of fluid-pressure markedfMain reservoir and a second, auxiliary source marked Emergency reservoir; a second auxiliary source of electrical energy AB of respectively small capacity, such as a battery of dry cells; a switch S, which is biased to the open position for connecting the battery AB to the auxiliary valves AV1 or AV2, under predetermined conditions; an auxiliary tripping device AT1 that is normally biased toA ang inoperative position and is adapted to actuate the control switch -CS1 to its open position, under predetermined conditions; a similar device AT2 that is correspondingly associated with the control switch CS2 (not shown); a device, such as a bell cord C,

which preferably extends the length of ther vehicle and is adapted, when actuated, to

operate the switch S and the auxiliary tripping device AT1; and a plurality of multiposition switches AR1 and AR2 which are preferably associated and movable with the corresponding master reverser.

In Fig. 2, a branch of the bell cord C is shown as directly attached to the movable contact member 16 of the control switch CS1, thereby permitting the elimination of the device AT1, as hereinafter described. A simple and preferred construction is thus obtained.

In Fig. 4, the main circuits shown com-- prise a supply circuit conductor marked- Trolley; a return circuit conductor, such as a track rail, marked Ground; a plurality of electric motors respectively having armatures A1, A2, A3 and A4 and field magnet units F1, F2, F3 and F1; a lplurality of motor-controlling switches LS, M1, M2, JR, J and G; a plurality of resistors which are rcspectively adapted to be short-circuited by switches R1, R2, RR1 and RRZ; and a main circuit reverser switch RS, preferably of the drum type, but here shown developed into a single plane, for simultaneouslyreversing the electrical relations of .all of the field windings with respect to the corresponding armatures. It should be noted that the motors are connected in pairs in permanent parallel relation, thereby forming a local.

without further manipulation of the circuits. The motors are preferably mounted on any suitable type of railway vehicle in the usual manner, which, for purposes of simplicity, is not specifically shown.-

Referring now to Fig. 1, which illustrates the preferred form of electrically-governed fluid-pressure controlling switches employed in the systems illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3, the construction here shown comprises, briefly, an energizing coil 1, which is adapted to actuate a movable armature 21 and a mechanically associated centrally disposed magnetizable core 2, to the lower end of which a valve 3 is secured and is biased by a spring 4 toclose a passage 5 which com- A municates with 'the reservoir; andan exhaust chamber 6 which is normally in communication with a passage 7 leading to the operating cylinder of the corresponding switch. l

lThe operation'of the valve may be described as follows: Upon energization of the coil 1, the corre 2 and the associated valve 3 are moved downwardly to admit fluid-pressure from the passage 5 to the passage 7; simultaneously communication between the passage 7 and exhaust chamber 6 is closed. l/Vhen the coil 1 is denergized, the spring 4 actuates the valve 3 to its upper position which is shown in thednawing.

Inasmuch as the .auxiliary control system shown in Fig. 1 and the associated main system of Fig. 4 are old and familiar in the art, no detailed description thereof is deemed necessary. As indicated in the sequence chart of Fig. 3, the pairs of permanently parallel-connected motors are first disposed in series-circuit relation with all of the accelerating resistors, which are then gradually short-circuited to effect acceleration of the motors. The pairs of motors are then changed over to parallel-circuit relation by means of the familiar bridging transition, the resistors being again in circuit initially. The resistors are then excluded from circuit gradually and successively to dispose the motors .in full parallel relation.

The operation of the auxiliar' apparatus shown in Fig. 1 may be describe as follows: Assuming that the vehicle is traveling at or above a predetermined speed and that it is desired, for any reason, to dynamically brake the vehicle by means of the emergency system illustrated, the bell cord C may be operated from either end of the vehicle to close the switch S and to actuate the auxiliary tripping device AT1. By the closure of the switch S, a circuit is completed from one side of the auxiliary battery AB through the switch S, conductor 10, where the circuit divides, the active branch including conductor 11, the actuating coil of auxiliary valve AV1, conductor 12, contact mem- 'ber 13 of the multi-position switch AR1, provided that the mechanically associated master reverser MR1 occupies either of its operative positions, back to the other, preferably grounded, side of the battery AB. The other circuit leadin from the conductor 10, thi-op h the auxiliary valve AV2 and the other 'mu ti-position switch AR2, is open in the latter switch, by reason of the customary practice of moving the controller and reverser on the rear platform of the vehicle to the o" position and which are, therefore, temporarily not employed in operating the vehicle. Upon the energization of the valve AV1, fluid-pressure is admitted from the emergency reservoir, through valve Av1, a pipe A1 and a suitable check valve CV to the operating 4cylinder of the main reverser RS. In this way, only the proper auxiliary valve can be energized and the main reverser is, therefore, thrown to its reverse `position-to set up dynamic braking of the vehicle.

The actuation of the bell cord C also operates a lever 14 Vof the auxiliary trippinnr device AT1, to permit a spring-o erated rod 15 lthereof to ,strike the mova le contact member 16 of the control switch CS1 and move the member '-to its off position thereby denergizing the actuating coils of the various motor-controlling switches and disconnecting the motors from the supply circuit; or, as indicated in Fig. 2, the pull on the Vbell crd C directly actuates the control "switch CS1.

Normal operation of the reversing switch RS is effected by admission of fluid-pressure directly from the main reservoir through pipe N and the one or the other of the valves NV1 and NVZ, upon energization thereof, in accordance with usual practice.

Reference may now be had to the modified system of Fig. 6, the system illustrated comprising suitable master controllers MC1 and MC2; masterrevcrsers MR1 and MR2; control switches CS1 and CS2, which are preferably located at the respective ends of the vehicle; a control resistor CR which is connected across the supply circuit and from which intermediate taps serve to conduct current of a lower voltage to the actuating coils of the various motor-controlling switches, such as are illustrated in Fig. 1, und which, for purposes of simplicity, are omitted from this figure; and a line relay LR which is energized from one of the train line conductors TL when either master controller occupies an operative position, whereby a circuit is completed from the control resistor CR to the actuating coil of the switch LS, forming part of the control circuits shown in Fig. 1. Consequently, upon the failure of supply circuit voltage, the line relay drops to its lower position thereby transferring the magnet coils N V1 or the coils NV2 from the supply circuit voltage to the auxiliary source AB and opening the switch LS to disconnect the motors from the supply circuit, thus performing a function similar to that of the auxiliary tripping device AT1 illustrated 1n Fig. 1.

Switches S1 and S2 are provided, .preferably at the respective cnds'of the vehicle, for connecting the battery AB to either the coil N V 1 or the coil NV, as the case may be, dependent upon the direction of travel of the vehicle. It will be observed that, in the presen-t system, the actuating coils of the main reverser and the master reverser that are employed during normal operation of the system are also employed for 'emergency brakiruT operation. The coils NV1 and N V2 in tthis case, however, will necessarily be of a slightly different design from those always energized throu h the control resistor because of the relative y low voltage delivered by the batter AB. It has -been found, however, that tlsie operation of the reverse drum 'from 'the control resistor, during normal conditions, is of a suiliciently brief period to obviate any possible damage or undesirable conditions in the energization of the coils.

The operation of the system shown will be evident from the drawings. Upon-actuation of either the switch S1 or the switch S2, the proper coil NV1 or NV2 of the reversing switch RS is energized to admit fluid-pressure to the operating cylinder of the reverser, which is thereby actuated to its reverse position to cause the pairs of motors to dynamically brake the vehicle.

In Fig. 7, the line relay LR is connected directlyr to the control switch CS1 instead of on the ground side of the master controller, as illustrated in Fig. 5. Either connection of the line relay may be employed, according to predetermined operating conditions.

I do not wish to be restricted to the specific circuit connections or arrangement of parts herein set forth, as various modications thereof may be made within the spirit and scope of my invention. I, therefore, desire that only such limitations shall be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims I claim as my invention:

1. -In a system of control, the combination with an electric motor provided with afieldmagnet winding and an armature, control means for reversing the electrical relations of said field winding and the armature, a Huid-pressure means for operating said control means, and electrical means normally employed for controlling said fluid-pressure means to operate said control means to positions for rotating the motors in a forward and a. reverse direction, of auxiliary electrical means for controllingr said fluid-pressure means to operate the control means to the reverse position under conditions to set up dynamic braking when the motor is momentum driven.

2. In a system o'f control, the combination with a,plurality of electric motors provided with field windings and armatures forming a closed circuit, a fluid-pressureoperated means for varying the electrical relations of the field Winding andarmature of each motor, and electrical means normally employed for controlling the operating said first named means to positions for rotating the motors in a forward or a reverse direction, of auxiliary electrical means for operating said first named means to the reverse position under conditions to set up dynamic braking when the motors are momentum driven.

' 3. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, a railway vehicle adapted to bedriven by a plurality of electric moto-rs provided with field windings and armatures forming a closed circuit, main circuit resistors, a plurality of motorcontrolling switches, includin resistor short-circuiting switches, for e ecting acceleration and normal operation of the motors, a plurality of actuating magnet coils for said switches, a controller for governing the energization of said coils, a switching device for connecting said supply circuit to said controller, and an electrically-controlled, fluid-pressure operated device for reversing the electrical relations of the field Winding and armature of each mot-or, of an auxiliary source ofl electrical energy, and means adapted for operation from the respective ends of the vehicle for effecting the opening of said switching device and for causing the energization of said reversing means from said source of energy to thereupon set up dynamic braking.

4. In a system of control, the combination with a plurality of electric motors provided with field windings and armatures forming a closed circuit, and electrically-controlled, fluid-pressure operated means for reversing the electrical relations of the field winding and armature of each motor during normal operation, of auxiliary electricallycontrolled, fluid-pressure operated valves for effecting said reversing, an auxiliary source of energy, and means located at a plurality of points in the system for connecting said source to said auxiliary means to effect said reversing and to thereupon set up dynamic braking when the motors are momentumdriven.

5. In a system of control, the combination with a railway vehicle adapted to be driven by a plurality of electric motors provided with field windings and armatures forming a closed circuit, and electrically-controlled,

fluid-pressure operated means for reversing the electrical relations of the field winding and armature of each motor during normal acceleration, of auxiliary electrically-controlled, fluid-pressure operated valves for effecting said reversing, an auxiliary source of energy, and lneans located at the respective ends of the vehicle for connecting said source to said auxiliary means to effect said reversing and to thereupon set up dynamic braking when the motors are momentumdriven.

6. In a system of control, the combination with a plurality of electric motors provided with field windings and armatures forming a closedfcircuit, a device for reversing the electrical relations of the field winding andA the armature of' each motor, electricallygoverned, Huid-pressure controlling valves for operating said device, and a main source of energy for normally energizing said valves, of an auxiliary source of energy of relatively small capacity, and means located at a plurality'of points in the system for connecting said source to said valves to effect said reversing and to set up dynamic braking when the motors are momentumdriven.

7 In a system of control, the combination with a railway vehicle adapted to be driven by a plurality of' electric motors provided with field windings and armatures forming a closed circuit, a device for reversing the electrical relations of the field winding and the armature ofi each motor, electricallygoverned, Huid-pressure controlling valves for operating said device, and a main source of energy for normally energizing said valves, of an auxiliary source of energy of relatively small capacity, and switching means located at the respective ends of said vehicle for connecting said source to said valves to effect said reversing and to set up dynamic braking when the motors are nio-- mentum-driven.

S. In a system of control, the combination with an electric motor provided with a fieldwinding and 'an armature, a device for connecting the field winding in the one or the other direction to the armature, and plural means for operating said device to make the one or the other connection, of auxiliary electrical means for effecting the actuation of one of said plural means to set up dynamic braking when the motors are momentumdriven, and means for preventing the simultaneous action of the other of said plural means.

9. In a system of control, the combination with a plurality of electric motors provided with field windings and armatures forming a closed circuit, a device for connectin the field windings in the one or the other irection with respect to the armatures, and plural fluid-pressure operated means for operating said device to make the one or the other connection, of auxiliary electrical means adapted to be operated from a plural ity of points in the system for effecting the operation of one of said plural means to set up dynamic braking when the motors are momentum-driven, and multi-position switching means connected to said electrical means and respectively located near said points and normally occupying an operative and a nonoperative position, respectively, whereby said device can be operated only in the proper manner.

10. In a system of control, the combination with a railway vehicle adapted to be driven by a plurality of electric motors provided with field windings and armatures forming a closed circuit, a reverser for con necting the field windings in the one or the other direction with respect to the armatures to govern the direction of vehicle movement, and a pair of electrically-governed, fluidpressure controlling valves for operating said device in the one or the other direction, of auxiliary electrical means adapted to be operated from the respective ends of the vehicle for etfecting the actuation of said device to set up dynamic braking when the motors are momentum-driven, and a plurality of switching means connected in circuit with said electrical means and said valves and located at the respective ends of the vehicle and normally occupying an operative and an off position respectively, according to the direction of vehicle travel, whereby only the proper valve may be actuated.

11. In a system of control, the combination with a supply circuit, a railway vehicle adapted to be driven by a plurality of electric motors provided with field windings and armatures forming a closed circuit, a plurality of motor-controlling switches, a plurality of actuating magnet coils for said switches, a master controller at each end of the vehicle for governing the energization of said coils, a main circuit reverser for connecting the field windings in the one or the other direction with respect to the armatures to govern the direction of vehicle movement, a pair of electrical1y-governed, fluid-pressure controlling valves for operating said device in the one or the other direction, and a master reverser at each end of the vehicle for governing the operation of said valves, of an auxiliary source of electrical energy for the valves, means adapted to be operated from the respective ends of the vehicle for effecting the operation of said device to thereupon sot up dynamic braking when tlie motors are momentum-driven, and a plurality of multi-position switching meansconnccted in circuit with said source of energy and said valves and respectively located on said master reverser which normally occupy an operative and an of position, respectively, according to the direction of vehicle travel, whereby only the proper valve may be actuated.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto sub-scribed my name this 30th day of June, 1914.

FREDERICK G. HICKLING.

Witnesses:

C. C. WHrrrAKER, B. B. HINES.

Copies of this'patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of .'Patents, Washington, D. C. 

